The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) furnishes NADPH for hepatic de novo lipogenesis, driving intrahepatic lipid (IHL) accumulation. The aim of the current study was to examine the association between the PPP, proxied by 24-h urinary erythritol, and IHL content at the population level. We used cross-sectional data from the Maastricht Study, a population-based cohort study […]
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Multiple Mechanisms Contribute to Robust Type 1 Diabetes Protection in Nfkbid – Overexpressing NOD Mice
We previously reported that transgenic overexpression of Nfkbid in NOD mice led to robust type 1 diabetes protection associated with enhanced negative selection of autoreactive T cells and expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) with increased suppressive capacity. The goal of this study was to further identify cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying strong protection from […]
Read MoreIDH3A Deficiency Compromises Adaptive Thermogenesis and Exacerbates Obesity-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction via Impaired BCKDHA-Dependent BCAA Catabolism
Adaptive thermogenesis in beige adipocytes is essential for maintaining energy homeostasis and preventing obesity. Emerging evidence suggests that human visceral adipose tissue harbors adipocytes with beige-like thermogenic features, enabling analysis of thermogenic gene regulation in humans. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 3A (IDH3A) is a rate-limiting enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, yet its function in adipocytes remains […]
Read MoreTomosyn-2 Regulates Postnatal β-Cell Expansion and Insulin Secretion to Maintain Glucose Homeostasis
The transition from a proliferative to a functionally mature state is a critical phase in postnatal pancreatic β-cell development, yet the molecular mechanisms coordinating this shift remain poorly understood. Here, we identify tomosyn-2 as a key regulator that restrains β-cell maturation and insulin secretory capacity. Tomosyn-2 expression progressively declines in mouse islets with age, coinciding […]
Read MoreAssociations of Combined Genetic and Lifestyle Risks With Incident Type 2 Diabetes in the UK Biobank
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) results from the interplay of genetic susceptibility and an unhealthy lifestyle, but their combined effects are not well studied. We examined whether unhealthy modifiable behaviors were associated with similar increases in the risk of incident T2D in individuals with different levels of genetic risk. Among 332,251 UK Biobank participants without diabetes, […]
Read MoreDiabetes Spotlight: Jennifer Estall, PhD—Identifying Signals Between the Pancreas and Liver
In the age of peptides, Jennifer Estall often hears an iteration of the same joke: diabetes is cured now; your career is over. “Which isn’t true, of course,” she says. Still, like most good jokes, this one also points to a truth, namely, that Estall, earning her doctorate in the early 2000s just as glucagon-like […]
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What to Toss and When to Call a Doctor
Share on PinterestThe FDA issued a voluntary recall of more than 3 million bottles of eye drops sold at major retailers like Walgreens and CVS. Hitoshi Nishimura/Getty Images More than 3.1 million bottles of over-the-counter eye drops are being recalled due to concerns about sterility. While no illnesses have been reported, experts say recalls like […]
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6 ‘Hidden’ Side Effects of GLP-1 Weight Loss Drugs
Share on PinterestA new study identified several overlooked side effects of GLP-1 drugs through self-reporting among Reddit users. Image Credit: Fiordaliso/Getty Images A recent study found various “hidden” side effects of GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic, including chills, hot flashes, and irregular periods. The researchers used self-reported Reddit data to examine the real-world effects of these […]
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Are Pesticides Driving Cases in People Under 50?
Share on PinterestA new study highlights an environmental risk factor that could be driving early onset lung cancer rates. Natalia Mishina/Stocksy A small study found that young non-smokers who eat more fruit, vegetables, and whole grains are more likely to develop lung cancer than the general population. The researchers speculate that this could be due […]
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