Month: October 2026

Intrapancreatic fat deposition is a well-established biomarker for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but little is known about the role of pancreatic perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), fat surrounding blood vessels supplying the pancreas. The objectives of this study were to develop a fully automated pipeline to derive imaging biomarkers of pancreatic PVAT from abdominal computed […]

We investigated whether sustained high-frequency feeding (six meals per day) increases type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence and alters diurnal metabolic patterns in male KKAy mice. Mice were randomly assigned to three or six isocaloric meals per day for 60 days. Metabolic phenotyping, tissue glycogen assays, multitissue circadian clock gene analysis, and exploratory correlation analyses […]

Primary cilia are sensory cellular appendages that regulate diverse developmental and homeostatic processes, including energy homeostasis. In animal models and humans, their dysfunction can lead to hyperphagia and obesity. ARL13B is a regulatory GTPase enriched in cilia. We engineered an Arl13b mouse allele, Arl13bV358A, that disrupts ARL13B from localizing to primary cilia. Homozygous Arl13bV358A/V358A mice […]

We analyzed baseline serum samples from 41 individuals newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) enrolled in the Autoimmunity-blocking Antibody for Tolerance (AbATE) trial (NCT00129259) to identify metabolic predictors of teplizumab response. Responders to teplizumab were defined as individuals who exhibited <45% decline in baseline C-peptide levels at 2 years after start of treatment. We […]

Localized subcellular muscle lipid accumulation associates with insulin resistance, but independent effects of weight loss or exercise training are unknown. Forty-six men and women with obesity completed 12-week weight loss only, endurance exercise training only without weight loss, or delayed control interventions. Following weight loss, body weight decreased 10% along with a 42% increase in […]

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling is a well-established pathway through which external signals regulate β-cell resilience and function. Yet the endogenous source of HGF in the islets and its physiological role in this context remain unclear. Here, we combined human islet single-cell transcriptomics with mouse pancreatic-cell profiling to show that pericytes, rather than endothelial cells, […]

Among patients with young-onset type 1 diabetes, 10–15% are autoantibody (aAb) negative. How many of these are autoimmune versus nonautoimmune is unknown. To estimate this proportion, we used the only high-confidence evidence of autoimmunity in these cases, the presence of an aAb(+) sibling. In the 2,500 affected sibling pairs of the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics […]

Intermittent fasting (IF) improves metabolic health, yet whether hepatic ketogenesis is required for mediating its effects remains unclear. Here, we investigated how ketogenesis contributes to the systemic and liver-specific metabolic effects of IF in male and female mice. Fasting increased circulating ketone bodies in both sexes, with females showing a greater increase, indicating intrinsic sex […]

Circulating diabetes biomarkers have been identified with proteomics measured at a single time point, but what is additionally provided by longitudinal repeated measurements in the same individuals, over many years, is unknown. We studied participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; n = 5,322; mean baseline age, 61.7 years) at exams 1 (2000–2002), 5 […]