Month: July 2025

Introduction and Objective: The power of cardiovascular risk prediction is biased by comorbidities (e.g. metabolic syndrome, MetS), medical treatment, and age, which impact cholesterol levels. When applying LDL-C, the true risk of such confounded patients is often underestimated. However, it is unclear whether this likewise applies to other lipid markers, in particular ceramides.Methods: In this […]

Introduction and Objective: Aging is associated with the declination of β-cell function in type 2 diabetes. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the functional changes in β cells due to aging remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the changes in β-cell functions associated with aging.Methods: We cultured islets from young (7 weeks of age) and […]

Introduction and Objective: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hepatokine with potential therapeutic relevance in diabetes, as it modulates glucose and lipid metabolism and suppresses sugar preference. However, depression, which is common in older adults, is associated with higher sucrose preference, especially in women, and its impact on FGF21’s metabolic effects remain unclear. We […]

Introduction and Objective: The critical role of innate immune activation leading to inflammatory events in the body has become of much interest and investigation in recent times because of its strategic importance in diabetes pathophysiology. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of innate immune activation may provide a new approach to treatment/management of diabetes. Carnosine is a physiological […]

Introduction and Objective: Hispanic/Latino adults in Puerto Rico experience one of the highest type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence rates in the US and an elevated risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia, contributing to significant health disparities. Prior studies report biological sex differences in the T2D-cognition association with implications for tailoring interventions, but few have […]

Introduction and Objective: We explored whether and how depressive symptoms in youth and young adults (YYA) with youth-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) mediate the effects of household food insecurity (HFI) on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).Methods: Cross-sectional data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study (2016-2019) included 1,093 YYA with T1D. We applied causal mediation modeling […]

Introduction and Objective: Understanding factors associated with C peptide (CP) preservation in type 1 diabetes (T1D) may aid interventions in the partial remission period. Fasting and stimulated CP or urinary CP to creatinine ratio (UCPCR) measure residual beta cell function.Methods: We utilized home monitoring CP collection with volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) and a simplified mixed […]

Introduction and Objective: Risk of unstable plaques, noted by reduced content of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and extracellular matrix (ECM), with elevated inflammatory cells and necrosis, are increased in diabetes for unknown reasons. This study investigated the role of insulin in VSMC and the formation of unstable plaques.Methods: Insulin receptor (IR) knockout and VSMC […]

Introduction and Objective: Children with T1DM may experience alterations in growth. The aim was to compare growth trajectories assessed by z-Height and z-BMI over three years between children with new-onset T1DM and a control group without T1DM across multiple Latin American centers.Methods: In a retrospective analysis of medical records, age, sex, and anthropometric measures were […]