Category: Diabetes

Introduction and Objective: We asked whether insulin (Ins) and C-peptide (C-P) kinetics (β-cell residence times [RT}} measured from islets vs plasma correlate closelyMethods:2H2 O was given for 3 – 18 hr to 32 female ZDF rats fed high fat diet (to induce T2D) or chow. RT of Ins and C-P were measured by high-resolution mass […]

Introduction and Objective: Sulfonylureas (SU), commonly used for type 2 diabetes, are metabolized by liver cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP 2C9), which is inhibited by amiodarone. Given their frequent co-administration in patients with diabetes and arrhythmia, we evaluated the risk of severe hypoglycemia associated with their concomitant use.Methods: Using South Korean health insurance claims data (2010-2022), […]

Introduction and Objective: Prediabetes, often classified by static glucose measures, limits identification of impaired beta-cell function beyond response to prevailing insulin sensitivity. We implemented hyperglycemic clamps (HG) to classify prediabetes phenotypes based on stimulated insulin response.Methods: We screened healthy individuals (n=2500, 18-45 yrs, BMI 18.5-25 kg/m2) and recruited (37 normal glycemia, NG; 63 prediabetes, preD) […]

Introduction and Objective: The diabetes foot disease (DFD) is a prevalent condition that challenges the health system. Diabetes education help people gain skills for self-care and the assessment of the individual patient’s knowledge of diabetes can make it more effective. This study aims to evaluate the clinical, sociodemographic profile and the knowledge about diabetes among […]

Introduction and Objective: We are investigating the CNS basis of hyperphagia and disrupted energy homeostasis in PWS using human cellular models of brain development. The homeostatic response to nutrient status and signaling appears dysregulated in PWS, and we hypothesize that altered epitranscriptomic fine-tuning of hypothalamic neurons is involved. The biochemical modifications to RNA that comprise […]

Introduction and Objective: A recent randomized controlled trial demonstrated greater improvements in patient-reported engagement with diabetes self-care and glycemic control in new Freestyle Libre 3 (FSL3) users than standard glucose monitor users. We aimed to qualitatively explore how continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) led to these behavioral and glycemic changes.Methods: Adults with T2D on basal or […]

Introduction and Objective: Analogs of the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) have become mainstays of obesity and diabetes management. However, the physiologic role of incretin hormones in controlling appetite and how incretin-mimetic drugs suppress caloric intake remain unclear.Methods: Hunger-promoting AgRP-expressing hypothalamic neurons are important in regulating food intake. Therefore, we […]

Introduction and Objective: The sarco-ER Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2) pump maintains endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ levels in the pancreatic β-cell. Previously, we demonstrated reduced SERCA2 expression in islets from human organ donors with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to islets from non-diabetic organ donors. Additionally, we have shown that heterozygous deletion of SERCA2 in mice (S2HET) […]

Introduction and Objective: White adipose tissue (WAT) insulin resistance (IR) is essential to the pathogenesis of metabolic disease; yet defects in human WAT insulin signaling are not well characterized. This study elucidates alterations to WAT insulin signaling associated with human IR.Methods: Human WAT was obtained from three cohorts of patients with obesity: 1) in a […]

Introduction and Objective: Hypoleptinemia is a potent orexigenic signal. Ethanol (EtOH) consumption is associated with weight gain in humans, and acute ethanol treatment leads to reductions in leptin levels in both fasted humans and rats. The objective of this study was to determine whether the route of administration or treatment in the fed or fasted […]