Author: sugaradmin

Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or permanent neonatal diabetes (PND) due to an INS gene mutation (INS-PND) have a marked reduction in pancreas volume by MRI compared with control individuals with no diabetes (ND). One possible explanation for this is loss of islet-acinar insulin signaling in these forms of severe insulin deficiency. To test […]

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) poses significant clinical challenges due to progressive nerve degeneration and vascular insufficiency. To address both neural and vascular complications simultaneously, we employed an mRNA-based protein replacement therapy. In this study, leveraging mRNA template design, structure-based screening identified NGFR100W as a variant dissociating neuroprotective and nociceptive functions, demonstrating enhanced neuritogenic activity without […]

The impact of atmospheric pressure changes on glucose metabolism encountered in aviation on people with type 1 diabetes is controversial. A dual-isotope study was performed in a hypobaric chamber to simulate pressure changes experienced on commercial flights. The fasting and postprandial glucose kinetics of individuals with type 1 diabetes were evaluated across simulated in-flight cabin […]

Gastrointestinal hormones are essential for nutrient handling and regulation of glucose metabolism and may affect postprandial blood redistribution. In a randomized cross-over design in 10 healthy men, the involvement of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in splanchnic blood flow regulation was investigated using an infusion of GIP receptor antagonist (GIPR-An) GIP(3-30)NH2 during ingestion of oral glucose […]

Circulating glucagon concentrations differ between individuals with no diabetes (ND) and those with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We combined an isotope dilution technique using stable tracers [6,22-13C9,15N1]glucagon and [6,14,19,22-13C9,15N1]glucagon with splanchnic and leg catheterization in participants with ND (n = 8; age 23.1 ± 2.9 years, BMI 26.6 ± 3.5 kg/m2, HbA1c 5.0 ± 0.2% […]

Intraportal islet transplantation to treat insulin-dependent diabetes has been clinically validated. However, the hypoxic environment and sinusoidal architecture of the liver are unsuitable for the long-term survival of transplanted islets, leading to the loss of therapeutic effects within 1 year. The spleen has oxygen levels that meet islet needs, but intense instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions […]

Type 1 diabetes has detrimental effects in white matter microstructure. In a longitudinal study, we investigated whether these reported findings change as children grow and enter puberty. At study entry, there were 143 children with type 1 diabetes and 71 control participants without diabetes, 4–9 years old. Brain MRI using diffusion tensor imaging, neurocognitive, and […]

Current and emerging strategies to therapeutically target weight management include pairing agonism of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) with either agonism or antagonism of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR). On the surface, these two approaches seem contradictory, yet they have produced similar effects for weight loss in clinical studies. Arguments that support the […]

In combatting the obesity crisis, leveraging mechanisms that lower body weight is critical. The finding that treatment with tirzepatide, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, produces profound weight loss highlights the value of activating the incretin receptors. Supporting this, recent studies have revealed mechanisms by which GIP receptor (GIPR) […]

Obesity is a prevalent disease that also contributes to the incidence and severity of many other chronic diseases and health conditions. Treatment approaches include lifestyle intervention, bariatric surgery, and pharmacological approaches, with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists approved specifically for weight loss having changed the treatment landscape significantly in the last 5 years. Targeting […]