Month: June 2026

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of irreversible vision loss driven primarily by retinal vascular damage, yet its mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify calnexin (Canx) as a critical suppressor of pathological angiogenesis in DR. We demonstrate that hyperglycemia synergizes with TNF-α to downregulate Canx in mouse retinal microvascular endothelial cells. This loss […]

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Michael Smith Health Research BC10.13039/501100000245RT-2024-03964Breakthrough T1DAWD-024144 BRET1DCA 2022Diabetes Canada10.13039/100013528OG-3-22-5646-ERCanadian Institutes of Health Research10.13039/501100000024AWD-024144 BRET1DCA 2022CIHR Postdoctoral FellowshipGS4-171365Breakthrough T1D Canucks for Kids Fund Centre of Excellence at UBC3-COE-2022-1103-M-B Source link

Ketone bodies, particularly β-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), are often elevated in type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, their physiological roles remain unclear. In a low-carbohydrate diet study, patients with insulin-deficient diabetes exhibited reduced fasting blood glucose and increased fasting blood ketone levels, negatively correlated. Another clinical study using continuous glucose and ketone monitoring confirmed inverse glucose–ketone fluctuations. To […]

It was only 30 years ago that scientists discovered leptin, the protein hormone made by adipocytes. “People used to think of fat tissue as simply loose lipid-filled connective tissue. It was considered a boring topic,” Rana Gupta says. “But now we know that it talks. Fat tissue is having a conversation with the rest of […]

Type 2 diabetes partitioned polygenic risk scores (pPRS) are related to their physiological impact on insulin secretion and sensitivity. We investigated associations of two pPRS sets obtained from multiancestry cohorts with the relationship between insulin secretion and sensitivity and diabetes incidence in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). We generated 12 and 8 pPRS from soft- […]

Introduction and Objective: College education is consistently associated with lower prevalence of diabetes, yet this protective effect may not operate uniformly across racial groups. Minorities’ Diminished Returns theory posits that education yields smaller health returns for Black people due to structural barriers including employment discrimination, residential segregation, and differential healthcare access.Methods: Using 2024 Behavioral Risk […]

Introduction and Objective: Latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) may affect between 2-12% of adults with new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) but is often underdiagnosed. We investigated LADA screening rates among adults with new-onset diabetes within a nationwide U.S. cohort.Methods: Epic Cosmos is a dataset representing over 300 million patients. We determined the rates at which C-peptide levels […]

Introduction and Objective: Pregnant individuals experience progressive shifts in substrate metabolism and insulin resistance to support fetal growth. Although prenatal exercise is recommended to improve maternal metabolic health, the effect of different exercise modes on maternal glycemia and insulin resistance remains unclear. Therefore, the objective was to determine whether exercise mode influences maternal fasting blood […]

Introduction and Objective: Prolonged fasting induces a metabolic switch from glucose to ketone utilization, which may influence cognitive function and metabolic health. However, data on cognitive effects of prolonged fasting (≥24 h), ketone-confirmed metabolic switching, and sex-specific responses remain limited.Methods: In a randomized, within-subject crossover pilot study, healthy adults (18-55 years) completed a control condition […]