Month: June 2026

Introduction and Objective: Despite recent improvements in generating functional human insulin-producing β cells, stem cell-derived beta-like cells (sBC) still develop and function less efficiently than bona fide β cells from cadaveric islets. Therefore, we sought to identify key factors affecting efficient sBC generation during differentiation, with a focus on reducing time for sBC generation while […]

Introduction and Objective: Use of dual glucagon-like-peptide-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor-agonists is increasing in overweight/obese (OW/OB) individuals with T1D. Their effects on DR in individuals with T1D are unknown.Methods: Retrospective chart review of OW/OB individuals with T1D at the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes. Individuals who used tirzepatide for 12 ± 2 months (cases) were matched […]

Introduction and Objective: Despite cardiovascular benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), treatment persistence is suboptimal in routine clinical practice. We investigated whether longer treatment durations offer greater cardiovascular benefits.Methods: We used nationwide healthcare data of South Korea (2012-2023) to emulate a target trial comparing following treatment strategies: treated with SGLT2i for <1 year, 1-2 […]

Introduction and Objective: T2DM is often driven by obesity, which leads to impaired glucose homeostasis and β-cell dysfunction. While oral small-molecule GLP-1RAs, such as orforglipron, promote weight reduction, dose-dependent gastrointestinal adverse effects can limit adherence. Dorzagliatin, a first-in-class glucokinase activator, enhances glucose sensing and early-phase insulin secretion. We evaluated whether combining these two oral agents […]

Introduction and Objective: Transitioning to college increases the risk for hypoglycemia due to irregular schedules, alcohol use, and unpredictable access to food or glucose, highlighting the need for campus-based training to improve hypoglycemia-related safety. This study evaluated the effectiveness of HYPO-VR for on-campus hypoglycemia education.Methods: We conducted a two-arm pilot educational trial with undergraduate students. […]

Introduction and Objective: The rising prevalence of obesity and related comorbidities highlights the need for safe, effective, and durable therapies. We evaluated PTT-A, a novel long-acting tetra-agonist targeting GLP-1, GIP, amylin, and calcitonin receptors, in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats and compared its efficacy with tirzepatide and CagriSema.Methods: DIO rats received PTT-A (10 or 30 nmol/kg), […]

Introduction and Objective: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) increases the risk for amputations and limb-threatening events in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Tirzepatide and injectable semaglutide are associated with improved limb outcomes. However, real-world comparative outcomes are unknown.Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX real-world global database across 112 healthcare organizations with over 130 […]

Introduction and Objective: Limited patient engagement and suboptimal adherence remain major barriers in type 2 diabetes management. Digital conversational support tools may reinforce self-care between clinic visits. This study aimed to determine whether use of a digital conversational support tool, as an adjunct to usual care, is associated with improved behavioral and glycemic outcomes compared […]

Introduction and Objective: Early stage T1D screening programs in routine clinical care are in their infancy. With the availability of teplizumab, a disease-modifying therapy that delays progression to Stage 3 T1D, there is an urgent need to reimagine T1D care. Understanding current screening practices can inform implementation strategies and identify gaps as the field moves […]

Introduction and Objective: Prohormone convertase enzymes within α-cells process proglucagon into several peptides. These include glicentin (GLY), major proglucagon fragment (MPGF), and oxyntomodulin (OXM). Assessing their in vivo secretion (SR) can provide insights on α-cell function in health and disease. However, estimating their SR from peripheral concentrations requires knowledge of their kinetics. Here we propose […]