Month: June 2026

Introduction and Objective: Type I (IFNα) and Type II (IFNγ) interferons have been shown to play a critical role in T1D pathogenesis. Studies on pancreatic biopsies from individuals with recent-onset T1D suggest an upregulation of IFN-stimulated gene signatures. However, their impact on the β-cell epitranscriptome and translatome remains untested.Methods: Human islets from 12 cadaveric donors […]

Introduction and Objective: T2D is a heterogeneous disease involving defects in multiple metabolic processes, which could be assessed by partitioned pathway-specific polygenic scores (pPS) developed from clustering T2D GWAS lead variants based on associations with related cardiometabolic traits. Here, we demonstrate the use of T2D pPS to identify T2D patient subgroups with distinct clinical features […]

Introduction and Objective: In GO MOMs, early pregnancy OGTT did not sufficiently improve prediction of gestational diabetes (GDM) or large-for-gestational age birthweight (LGA) beyond clinical factors to warrant universal first-trimester screening. This secondary analysis evaluated if early metabolic or lipid measures improved predictions of these outcomes.Methods: Singleton gravidas without preexisting diabetes from 9 US centers […]

Introduction and Objective: Translating genetic and molecular biomarkers into clinically actionable T2D risk prediction models is challenged by uncertain incremental value beyond standard clinical factors in real-world populations. We assessed metabolomic risk score (MRS) and a polygenic risk score (PRS) for incident T2D prediction in a diverse healthcare system.Methods: We studied 36,352 adults free of […]

Introduction and Objective: Weight loss is associated with a significant reduction of lean mass (LM). The effects of GLP-1 therapy in patients with pre-existing low LM (LLM) are not well characterized. Here, we analyze the effects of trevogrumab (trevo) with and without garetosmab (garet) in people living with obesity with and without LLM at baseline […]

Introduction and Objective: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is driven by loss of immune tolerance and immune-mediated destruction of functional β cells. Effective therapies should preserve and regenerate β cells while reducing immunogenicity and restoring immune regulation. Harmine (H) plus exendin-4 (E) robustly expands human β cells, but its impact on β cell survival and immunogenicity […]

Introduction and Objective: Inflammatory cytokine signaling contributes to beta-cell autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes (T1D), but the contribution of interferon-gamma (IFNγ) versus other inflammatory pathways remains unclear. We hypothesized that beta-cells from donors with T1D display elevated IFNγ response relevant to autoimmunity.Methods: We identified differentially expressed genes from two publicly available human islet bulk RNA-seq […]

Introduction and Objective: Lifestyle interventions are the foundation of prediabetes (pre-DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) management. High levels of food insecurity hinder the ability to create healthy eating habits. Prospective food is medicine intervention studies have not been conducted in pediatric T2D populations to date. This ongoing prospective study evaluates the efficacy of a […]

Introduction and Objective: In patients undergoing total pancreatectomy (TP), adequate glycemic control is a major concern. Previously, a 7-day treatment with a bihormonal artificial pancreas (BIHAP), delivering both insulin and glucagon for fully closed-loop regulation, improved glycemic control. However, evidence on its long-term efficacy is lacking.Methods: This randomised open-label crossover trial compared BIHAP treatment with […]