Author: sugaradmin

Cadaveric islet and stem cell–derived transplantation hold promise as treatments for type 1 diabetes. To tackle the issue of immunocompatibility, numerous cellular macroencapsulation techniques that use diffusion to transport insulin across an immunoisolating barrier have been developed. However, despite several devices progressing to human clinical trials, none have successfully attained physiological glucose control or insulin […]

Current treatments for type 1 diabetes (T1D) focus on insulin replacement. We demonstrated the therapeutic potential of a secreted protein fraction from embryonic brown adipose tissue (BAT) that mediates insulin receptor–dependent recovery of euglycemia in a T1D, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model, by suppressing glucagon secretion. This fraction promoted white adipocyte differentiation and browning, maintained […]

We investigated the association between plasma angiogenin and the risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and attempted to infer the causal relationship between plasma angiogenin and chronic kidney disease. A total of 1,863 outpatients with T2D were included in this prospective cohort study. ESKD was defined […]

Genome-wide association studies have identified SH2B3 as an important non-MHC gene for islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we found a single SH2B3 haplotype significantly associated with increased risk for human T1D. Fine mapping has demonstrated the most credible causative variant is the single nucleotide rs3184504*T polymorphism in SH2B3. To better […]

HLA class I (HLA-I) molecules present intracellular antigenic peptides to CD8+ T cells during immune surveillance. In donors with type 1 diabetes, hyperexpression of HLA-I occurs in islets with residual insulin-producing β-cells as a hallmark of the disease. HLA-I hyperexpression is frequently detected beyond the islet boundary, forming a “halo.” We hypothesized that this halo […]

Patients with diabetes are at an increased risk of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Protecting the heart against AMI is more challenging in DCM than in nondiabetic hearts. We investigated whether intravenous (i.v.) atorvastatin administration during AMI exerts cardioprotection in DCM as seen in nondiabetic hearts. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into streptozotocin-induced […]

Glucagon stimulates hepatic glucose production, in part by promoting the uptake and catabolism of amino acids. Inhibition of the liver glucagon receptor (GCGR) results in elevated plasma amino acids, which triggers the proliferation of pancreatic α-cells, forming a liver–α-cell loop. This study aims to delineate hepatic signaling molecules downstream of GCGR that mediate the liver–α-cell […]

Effective treatment strategies for diabetes-related pain are limited because of its complex pathogenesis, particularly brain mechanisms underlying this disease. The acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) has emerged as a key player in the development and treatment of various types of pain. We investigated the role of ASIC1a in diabetes-related pain and its molecular mechanisms in […]

How immune tolerance to pancreatic islets is lost in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a central question in the field. Clues come from the cancer field, where CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses are detected to posttranslationally spliced proteins that form hybrid neoepitopes (1,2). The discovery of hybrid insulin peptides (HIPs) in pancreatic islets offers a […]

Bonami and colleagues (1) demonstrate an obligatory role of BCL6-driven T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Their findings reveal that Bcl6 deficiency in T cells protects against diabetes, thus highlighting BCL6 as a promising therapeutic target to ameliorate T1D. Source link