Author: sugaradmin

Diabetes currently affects ∼37 million adults in the U.S. and 537 million people worldwide, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounting for 90%–95% of the diabetes burden. The transition from normal glucose regulation (NGR) to T2D is via an intermediate stage of prediabetes, characterized by impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Prediabetes affects […]

Adipocyte size is linked to insulin resistance and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. We aimed to generate a surrogate method to estimate adipocyte size by measuring adipose tissue gene expression using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), which could be used alongside systemic measures of insulin sensitivity to predict type 2 diabetes risk. We examined […]

The hypothalamus monitors blood glucose levels and regulates glucose production in the liver. In response to hypoglycemia, glucose-inhibited (GI) neurons trigger counterregulatory responses (CRRs), which stimulate the release of glucagon, epinephrine, and cortisol to elevate blood glucose. Recurrent hypoglycemia (RH), however, reduces the effectiveness of these CRRs. This study examined the role of hypothalamic prostaglandins […]

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk begins increasing years before the clinical onset of type 2 diabetes, driven in part by ectopic lipid accumulation. Many individuals predisposed to diabetes often gain weight rapidly and have limited capacity to expand subcutaneous fat, leading to central fat storage and ectopic lipid deposition—especially in the liver. Hepatic fat contributes […]

For many years, brown adipose tissue (BAT) was primarily regarded as a “heat organ” for rodents. Over the past 15 years, however, research in this field has shifted significantly toward understanding of the role of BAT in metabolic health, including systemic glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and protection against cardiometabolic disease. In this award […]

TAS2R38 is a bitter taste receptor that influences bitter taste perception and diet and is also found in intestinal L cells that store and secrete glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Preclinical studies have linked TAS2R38 activation to postprandial GLP-1 secretion, fueling interest in TAS2R38 as a therapeutic target for glucose regulation; however, evidence in humans remains […]

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Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International10.13039/1000009012-SRA-2024-1550-S-B. Source link

Ministry of Research MURNext Generation EU PNRR PRIN project P2022EA9RR, Source link

Type 2 diabetes risk has traditionally been assessed using fasting glucose, BMI, and lipid panels (1). Although these measures are easily accessible and scalable, they capture disease only after metabolic dysfunction has already been established, limiting the potential for prevention and hindering the effectiveness of interventions (2). This gap has motivated efforts to develop molecular […]