Share on PinterestWomen who reported higher intakes of high quality carbohydrates and dietary fiber had up to a 37% greater chance of living longer, healthier lives. Yipengge/Getty Images A new study builds on evidence supporting the effects of complex carbohydrate consumption on long-term health and longevity. The findings show that women who reported higher intakes […]
Read MoreType 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease mediated by autoreactive T cells. Our studies indicate that CD4 T cells reactive to hybrid insulin peptides (HIPs) play a critical role in T-cell–mediated β-cell destruction. We have shown that HIPs form in human islets between fragments of the C-peptide and cleavage products of secretory granule proteins. […]
Read MoreRevascularization strategies failed to improve outcome in patients with diabetes with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Histone modifications are key modulators of gene expression and could play a role in angiogenic response. This study investigates the role of chromatin remodelling in modulating angiogenesis in diabetes. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and angiogenic assays (cell migration and tube formation) […]
Read MoreDiabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common diabetes complication with no currently available curative treatments. Here, we demonstrated that the protein level of G-protein–coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) is significantly repressed in the sciatic nerves (SNs) of DPN patients, as well as in the peripheral nerves, including dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and SNs, of streptozotocin-induced type […]
Read MoreCadaveric islet and stem cell–derived transplantation hold promise as treatments for type 1 diabetes. To tackle the issue of immunocompatibility, numerous cellular macroencapsulation techniques that use diffusion to transport insulin across an immunoisolating barrier have been developed. However, despite several devices progressing to human clinical trials, none have successfully attained physiological glucose control or insulin […]
Read MoreCurrent treatments for type 1 diabetes (T1D) focus on insulin replacement. We demonstrated the therapeutic potential of a secreted protein fraction from embryonic brown adipose tissue (BAT) that mediates insulin receptor–dependent recovery of euglycemia in a T1D, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model, by suppressing glucagon secretion. This fraction promoted white adipocyte differentiation and browning, maintained […]
Read MoreWe investigated the association between plasma angiogenin and the risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and attempted to infer the causal relationship between plasma angiogenin and chronic kidney disease. A total of 1,863 outpatients with T2D were included in this prospective cohort study. ESKD was defined […]
Read MoreGenome-wide association studies have identified SH2B3 as an important non-MHC gene for islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we found a single SH2B3 haplotype significantly associated with increased risk for human T1D. Fine mapping has demonstrated the most credible causative variant is the single nucleotide rs3184504*T polymorphism in SH2B3. To better […]
Read MoreHLA class I (HLA-I) molecules present intracellular antigenic peptides to CD8+ T cells during immune surveillance. In donors with type 1 diabetes, hyperexpression of HLA-I occurs in islets with residual insulin-producing β-cells as a hallmark of the disease. HLA-I hyperexpression is frequently detected beyond the islet boundary, forming a “halo.” We hypothesized that this halo […]
Read MorePatients with diabetes are at an increased risk of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Protecting the heart against AMI is more challenging in DCM than in nondiabetic hearts. We investigated whether intravenous (i.v.) atorvastatin administration during AMI exerts cardioprotection in DCM as seen in nondiabetic hearts. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into streptozotocin-induced […]
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