Active Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) remains difficult to predict. This hypothesis-generating article proposes a deliberately restricted, testable model in which a clinically meaningful fall in HbA1c may temporally coincide with active CN in a subset of people with diabetes, established neuropathy, and a vulnerable foot. The signal is based on a sequence of observations—an initial case […]
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How Discovering a Neck Lump Led to 2 Rare Tumors and a 24-Hour Surgery
Share on PinterestJayme Cohen Lynde’s rare tumor diagnosis led to a major surgery and a long recovery. Now, she is a thriving mom of two daughters. Image Credit: Photos by Jayme Cohen Lynde/Collage by Andrew Nguyen A lump in Jayme Cohen Lynde’s neck led to a carotid body tumor diagnosis and a second rare tumor […]
Read MoreProtection Against Periodontitis by Improving Mitochondrial Function in Diabetes
Diabetes is a major risk factor for severe periodontitis. This is partly due to impaired wound healing associated with concomitant failure to resolve inflammation and chronic infection. Studies from the Joslin Medalist Cohort, people with >50 years of type 1 diabetes, have reported that protective factors exist to delay the onset of severe retinopathy, nephropathy, […]
Read MoreActivation of Intestinal Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Regulatory T Cells Through Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 Ameliorates Type 1 Diabetes in Mice
Reduction in intestinal type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) frequency is associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis in humans and in animal models. The current study showed that, after T1D induction by multiple–low-dose streptozotocin in male C57BL/6 mice, ILC3 were reduced in both blood and pancreas and produced less IL-22 and IL-2, and a […]
Read MoreGrowth Differentiation Factor-15 in Diabetic Kidney and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathogenic Driver or Protective Modulator
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic cardiomyopathy continue to drive excess morbidity and mortality in diabetes, underscoring a critical gap between mechanistic insight and clinical translation. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a stress-inducible cytokine of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, has emerged as a critical biomarker and putative modulator of metabolic inflammation. Yet the field remains […]
Read MorecGAS-STING Pathway Mediates Retinal Pigmental Epithelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a predominant cause of vision impairment among working-age individuals, with a subset of patients responding poorly to current treatments. This study investigated alterations in double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) levels in the aqueous humor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction in DR patients, exploring the potential role of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)–STING […]
Read MoreEffects of Dietary Carbohydrate Amount and Glycemic Index on Blood Lipidomic Signatures and Diurnal Postprandial Glucose Responses: The OmniCarb Trial
We investigated whether lowering dietary carbohydrate content and glycemic index (GI) levels altered deep lipidomic profiles and whether these changes were associated with improved diurnal postprandial glucose response (PPGR). In the OmniCarb trial, 59 adults completed 5-week controlled feeding interventions (low carbohydrate/low GI vs. high carbohydrate/high GI) and 12-h meal tests. Comprehensive lipidomic profiling was […]
Read MoreMyeloid Cell Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Drives Retinal Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Mice
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in the working-age population, with public health economic implications worldwide. Systemic inflammation and leukocyte activation are early events in diabetes, whereas microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and retinal neurodegeneration are early events in DR. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) plays a complex role in monocyte and macrophage […]
Read MoreThe Mechanism of TNF-α Combined With High Glucose in Regulating Calnexin Aggravates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Endothelial Cell Injury of Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of irreversible vision loss driven primarily by retinal vascular damage, yet its mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify calnexin (Canx) as a critical suppressor of pathological angiogenesis in DR. We demonstrate that hyperglycemia synergizes with TNF-α to downregulate Canx in mouse retinal microvascular endothelial cells. This loss […]
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