Month: June 2026

Introduction and Objective: Metabolic-bariatric surgery (MBS) is highly effective vs. medical-lifestyle intervention (MLI) for ameliorating T2D and promoting remission. Previous models of patient characteristics to predict T2D remission and relapse have used retrospective observational data, often without directly comparing different MBS procedures. The current study identifies clinical characteristics that predict T2D remission and relapse over […]

Introduction and Objective: Regulatory T (Treg) cells serve essential roles in immune tolerance and systemic tissue homeostasis remodeling under distinct physiological and pathological conditions. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) Treg cells constitute a heterogeneous population capable of responding to diverse microenvironmental signals, however, the precise mechanisms by which VAT Treg cells regulate adipose tissue metabolic homeostasis […]

Introduction and Objective: The molecular clock regulates energy balance and glucose metabolism. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) modulates these processes, but the underlying neural and hepatic mechanisms remain unclear. Prior findings show that RYGB in CLOCK-deficient mice blunts weight loss, fails to improve glucose homeostasis, and alters hepatic clock-gene rhythms independent of body weight. Because parasympathetic […]

Introduction and Objective: Excess gestational weight gain (GWG) is common and increases risk for gestational diabetes (GDM), obesity, diabetes. We assessed whether Healthy for Two, a virtual behavioral intervention in prenatal care clinics, vs. usual prenatal care, reduces GWG and GDM among women with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity using a pragmatic randomized controlled trial design.Methods: Eligibility was […]

Introduction and Objective: To date, limited long-term evidence links depressive symptoms to subsequent glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) trajectories in youth and young adults (YYAs) with youth-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D). We explored the within- and between-person associations of depressive symptoms and changes therein with HbA1c in YYAs with T1D.Methods: We analyzed longitudinal data from the SEARCH […]

Introduction and Objective: Health care has become unaffordable for many diabetes patients. We examined 3-year health effects of: (1) Preventive Drug List (PDL) benefits that set drug cost sharing to $0, including for insulin, GLP-1 RA, & SGLT2i; (2) switches from high-deductible (HDHP; ≥$1000) to low-deductible health plans (LDHP; ≤$500) that broadly reduce cost sharing […]

Introduction and Objective: Metabolic inflexibility, or an inability to switch between fat and carbohydrate oxidation, has not been thoroughly investigated in T1D despite its close link with skeletal muscle insulin resistance—an established feature of T1D. We investigated whether T1D is characterized by metabolic inflexibility relative to controls without diabetes, and whether physical activity (PA), sedentary […]

Introduction and Objective: T2D is characterized by increased rates of endogenous glucose production (VEGP) and hepatic insulin resistance, which are strongly linked with MASLD and potential alterations in hepatic mitochondrial function. Because there is limited direct evidence for this in humans we assessed rates of hepatic mitochondrial oxidation [citrate synthase (VCS)] flux and contributions of […]

Introduction and Objective: Advancements in stem-cell treatment (SCT) offer hope of a cure for type 1 diabetes (T1D). As SCT trials progress, it is important to understand why adults with T1D do or do not pursue SCT, especially in the context of advanced diabetes technology use. Our aim was to explore factors influencing pursuit of […]

Introduction and Objective: Hepatic steatosis is closely linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the relative contributions of obesity versus portal insulin exposure to liver fat accumulation remain unclear. We examined the relationship between liver fat content, body mass index (BMI), and portal insulin concentration in individuals with type 1 […]