Month: June 2026

Introduction and Objective: The hallmark of T1D is the destruction of pancreatic insulin producing β-cells by autoreactive T cells. The quest for new antigen-specific autoreactive cells as well as for strategies that may target them are highly required to provide a more successful therapeutic option for T1D. Starting from many evidence suggesting a potential role […]

Introduction and Objective: Metformin is an increasingly common medication used in pregnancy. However, metformin crosses the placenta raising concerns about unintended long-term effects to offspring health. This study examined whether metformin exposure during early development alters skeletal muscle metabolism in juvenile offspring and increases the risk of insulin resistance and obesity.Methods: Adult female Rhesus macaques […]

Introduction and Objective: Harmine (H) plus Exendin-4 (E) robustly enhances human β cell regeneration, yet whether H+E influences human β cell senescence is unknown. We developed a computational framework to resolve senescence heterogeneity in scRNA-seq and applied it to test whether H+E modulates senescence programs in cytokine-challenged vs. unchallenged human islets.Methods: We developed a machine-learning […]

Introduction and Objective: We assessed the efficacy of olezarsen, an antisense oligonucleotide targeting APOC3, in pts with severe hypertriglyceridemia (sHTG) and DM.Methods: The phase 3 RCTs CORE-TIMI 72a (N=617) and CORE2-TIMI 72b (N=446) randomized pts with sHTG (TG ≥500mg/dL) 1:1:1 to SC olezarsen 50mg, 80mg, or placebo Q4W for 12 mths. The primary endpoint was […]

Introduction and Objective: Polygenic scores (PS) are powerful predictors of type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk, but their performance can differ substantially across ancestries, highlighting the need for rigorous evaluation in different populations. In this study, we evaluated the performance of several established PS to predict T1D risk across ancestries in four biobanks: All of Us […]

Introduction and Objective: Triglyceride in low-density lipoprotein (TG-LDL) was considered a novel biomarker for coronary artery disease (CAD) from observational studies. We aimed to explore the causal relationship between TG-LDL levels and both overall and sex-specific CAD risk in individuals of European ancestry.Methods: We analyzed 487,759 European-ancestry participants from the UK Biobank and performed a […]

Introduction and Objective: ACHIEVE-2 (NCT06192108) assessed the efficacy and safety of orforglipron (OFG), an oral non-peptide GLP-1 receptor agonist (RA), versus dapagliflozin (DAPA), an SGLT2 inhibitor, in people with T2D inadequately controlled with metformin.Methods: This 40-week, phase 3, open-label (OFG dose-blinded), randomized study included adults with T2D (HbA1c ≥7.0 to ≤10.5%) taking metformin (≥1500 mg/day) […]

Introduction and Objective: Statins are first-line lipid-lowering agents but increase the risk of incident diabetes mellitus (DM). Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) are an alternative, though real-world data on their diabetogenic risk are limited. We compared incident DM risk among users of PCSK9i and other lipid-lowering therapies.Methods: Using the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network, […]

Introduction and Objective: Abnormal angiogenesis is the leading cause of vision loss globally, but current anti-angiogenic treatments are unsatisfactory and incompetent. Thus, novel therapies targeting angiogenesis are urgently needed. Previously, we revealed a positive association between cGAS-STING signaling and angiogenic factors in the mouse model with ischemic retinopathy. However, whether cGAS-STING signaling regulates retinal angiogenesis […]

Introduction and Objective: RAY1225, a bi-weekly GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist, has demonstrated substantial potential for glycemic control and weight loss in phase 1 study. This phase 2 trial assessed the efficacy and safety of RAY1225 compared with placebo in Chinese overweight or obese adults without diabetes.Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial, nondiabetic […]