Introduction and Objective: Personality may influence key glycemic, behavioral, and emotional outcomes in people with T1D. We investigated Five-Factor Model (FFM) personality traits as predictors of self-management (SM), diabetes distress, and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics among 187 diverse adults with T1D.Methods: Participants wore CGM and rated their SM (each evening on a 0-100 scale) and diabetes distress (5-6 xs/day, 0-100) via smartphone-based prompts over 14 days. Linear regression models tested relationships between baseline FFM traits assessed by a 10-item validated scale and measures of diabetes distress, SM, and glycemic regulation averaged over the monitoring period. Examined CGM indices included % time in range (70-180 mg/dL), % time in hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL), % time in hyperglycemia (>180 mg/dL), mean glucose level, and glucose coefficient of variation (CV).Results: Greater time-in-range was predicted by higher emotional stability (b=2.49, β=0.14, p=.038) and conscientiousness (b=2.78, β= 0.16, p=.024). Greater conscientiousness also predicted less % time in hypoglycemia (b =-0.16, β =-0.17, p=.045) and lower CV (b=-1.13, β= -0.18, p=.023). Better SM was predicted by higher conscientiousness (b=3.27, β=0.23, p=.002) and emotional stability (b=2.50, β=0.18, p=.020. Lower diabetes distress was predicted by higher emotional stability (b=-3.67, β=-0.22, p=.003) and conscientiousness (b=-2.83, β=-0.17, p=.025). Agreeableness, openness, and extraversion were not related to any outcome.Conclusion: Adults with higher conscientiousness and emotional stability had better self-management and glycemic regulation and less diabetes distress, over time in their daily lives with T1D. These personality traits may serve as protective factors, contributing to more favorable T1D outcomes. Screening for personality may help identify adults with T1D who are at risk of challenges in self-management, diabetes-related distress, and glycemic regulation.
L.D. Pappalardo: None. C.J. Hoogendoorn: None. S. Schneider: None. E. Pyatak: None. J.S. Gonzalez: None.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases at the NIH (1R01DK121298-01); National Institute on Aging at the NIH (NIH/NIA #1U2CAG060408-01); The New York Regional Center for Diabetes Translation Research (NIH/NIDDK #P30DK11022)
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