Introduction and Objective: The success of longitudinal studies depends on the retention of participants. We examined sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics as predictors of retention among participants with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the DPP/DPPOS.Methods: 3218 adults who joined the DPP (1996-1999, mean age 51±10y) at high risk of T2D were randomized to a lifestyle, metformin or placebo intervention, and followed in the DPPOS through 2020 with lifestyle offered to all and metformin continued open label. Logistic regression models estimated the association between baseline sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics (life events, family functioning, social support) and short-term retention (~3y during DPP). Cox proportional hazards models, censoring at death, estimated the association between baseline and time-varying characteristics and time to drop-out over 20 years.Results: After 3 years, 93% of surviving participants were retained; 76% of the surviving cohort remained engaged over ~17y. Older age was associated with short-term study retention (p<0.001). Older age, female sex, minority race/ethnicity, full or part-time employment, and lack of depressive symptoms at baseline were associated with long-term retention. Over time, better health state (SF-6D, SF-36 survey) (0.31; CI: 0.15, 0.63) were associated with retention; greater BMI (1.12; CI 1.01, 1.25), higher number of recent life events (social, personal, financial) (1.08; CI: 1.02, 1.14) and depression symptoms (Beck Depression Index) (1.02, CI: 1.01, 1.03) were associated with slightly reduced retention. Among adults 45-59y at baseline, development of diabetes was associated with decreased retention (0.75, CI: 0.58, 0.97).Conclusion: Twenty-year retention of a racially and geographically diverse T2D-related cohort is possible. Retention may be influenced by age, psychosocial factors, diabetes development, and weight change.
A.H. Tjaden: None. S. Golden: Advisory Panel; Abbott. N.M. Butera: None. M.G. Araneta: None. O. Carmichael: Research Support; Eli Lilly and Company. E. Groessl: Consultant; Fisher Paykel Health. H.P. Hazuda: None. M.A. Hoskin: None. U.N. Ibebuogu: None. M.F. Magee: Other Relationship; Lilly USA LLC. M. Mau: None. T. Stich: None. D. Soliman: None. A. Wallia: Research Support; UnitedHealth Group. B.H. Braffett: None. M. Temprosa: None. D. Research Group: None.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (U01 DK048489, U01 DK048339, U01 DK048377, U01 DK048349, U01 DK048381, U01 DK048468, U01 DK048434, U01 DK048485, U01 DK048375, U01 DK048514, U01 DK048437, U01 DK048413, U01 DK048411, U01 DK048406, U01 DK048380, U01 DK048397, U01 DK048412, U01 DK048404, U01 DK048387, U01 DK048407, U01 DK048443, and U01 DK048400)
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