Introduction and Objective: Single-dose intranasal oxytocin has been shown to reduce food intake and improve glucose tolerance. Further, oxytocin mRNA expression has been reported throughout the small intestine, pointing to a potential role for oxytocin in postprandial metabolism. We investigated the effects of intravenous infusion with oxytocin on ad libitum food intake, appetite sensations, and postprandial metabolism.Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study, overnight fasted individuals with obesity underwent two 4.5-hour intravenous infusions with oxytocin (0.2 IU/min) and placebo (saline), respectively, on separate days interposed by a wash-out period of seven days. After 30 minutes of infusion, a standardized liquid mixed meal was ingested, and after 4 hours, food intake (primary endpoint) was assessed during an ad libitum meal. During the test days, appetite and satiety sensations were assessed by visual analogue scales, and circulating concentrations of glucose and appetite-regulating hormones were measured.Results: Twenty-four individuals (12 female, median age 42 [interquartile range (IQR) 29;55] years, BMI 36.2 [32.1;37.6] kg/m2, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 34 [32;36] mmol/mol (5.2 [5.1;5.4]%)) were included. Ad libitum food intake was similar during infusion of oxytocin and placebo, respectively (660 [405;870] vs. 596 [458;902] kcal). Compared to placebo, the oxytocin infusion did not affect sensations of hunger, fullness, satiety, and appetite nor circulating concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide 1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, and cholecystokinin.Conclusion: In individuals with obesity, 4.5-hour intravenous infusion with oxytocin had no effect on ad libitum food intake, appetite and satiety sensations, or circulating concentrations of appetite and glucose-regulating hormones.
I. Gether: None. P.T. Olafsson: None. V. Kliim-Hansen: None. C.K. Nielsen: Stock/Shareholder; Novo Nordisk A/S. M.G. Pedersen: None. J.J. Holst: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk A/S. Consultant; Novo Nordisk A/S. Other Relationship; Novo Nordisk A/S. Consultant; AstraZeneca, Fractyl Health, Inc., MSD Life Science Foundation, Structure Therapeutics, Inc. B. Hartmann: Employee; Bainan Biotech. J.F. Rehfeld: None. M.B. Christensen: None. F.K. Knop: Consultant; 89bio, Inc, AstraZeneca. Speaker’s Bureau; AstraZeneca. Advisory Panel; Boehringer-Ingelheim. Consultant; Cytoki Pharma. Advisory Panel; Eli Lilly and Company. Consultant; Eli Lilly and Company. Speaker’s Bureau; Eli Lilly and Company. Research Support; Gubra. Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk A/S. Consultant; Novo Nordisk A/S. Employee; Novo Nordisk A/S. Research Support; Novo Nordisk A/S. Speaker’s Bureau; Novo Nordisk A/S. Stock/Shareholder; Novo Nordisk A/S, Eli Lilly and Company. Advisory Panel; Sanofi. Consultant; Structure Therapeutics, Inc. Advisory Panel; Zealand Pharma A/S. Consultant; Zealand Pharma A/S. Research Support; Zealand Pharma A/S. Speaker’s Bureau; Zealand Pharma A/S. Stock/Shareholder; Zealand Pharma A/S, Gubra. Advisory Panel; Zucara Therapeutics. Consultant; Zucara Therapeutics. Stock/Shareholder; Antag Therapeutics. L.S. Gasbjerg: Stock/Shareholder; Antag Therapeutics, Bainan Biotech. A.B. Lund: Consultant; Zealand Pharma A/S. Advisory Panel; Eli Lilly and Company. Research Support; Novo Nordisk. Speaker’s Bureau; Novo Nordisk, Boehringer-Ingelheim.
Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF23OC0084114), Independent Research Fund Denmark (3101-00442A), Gangstedfonden (A43111)
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