Introduction and Objective: The time of day that aerobic exercise is performed may alter the metabolic response leading to downstream effects on cardiometabolic health. This pilot study aimed to identify metabolites that are affected by time of day of exercise using metabolomics.Methods: Adults with overweight or obesity (BMI = 25-40 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to morning exercise (AM-Ex, 6:00-10:00, N=16, 75% Female, 75% non-Hispanic white) or evening exercise (PM-Ex, 15:00-19:00, N=12, 58% Female, 33% non-Hispanic white). Both groups followed the same program that included 4 sessions/week of supervised aerobic exercise for 15 weeks progressing to 2000 kcal/week by week 11. Fasted blood draws were performed pre – and post-intervention for plasma metabolomics. Volcano plots were used to determine changes in metabolites (FC>2, p<0.05) pre – and post-intervention. Correlations between metabolites and cardiometabolic variables were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation (r>±0.5, p<0.05).Results: AM-Ex and PM-Ex had similar metabolite profiles at baseline. Following exercise, AM-Ex had increased catechols, suggesting upregulation of the sympathetic nervous system which was not observed in PM-Ex. This increase in catechols was negatively correlated with HbA1c. In contrast, PM-Ex increased serotonin, and decreased L-tryptophanamide, indole-3-acetate, and indole-3-acetic acid following exercise; suggesting an effect on the gut microbiome which was not observed in AM-Ex. Increases in serotonin were positively correlated with aerobic capacity. Uridine and 5-valerolactone were decreased, while pyridoxine, n-acetyl-l-alanine, l-tryptophanamide, and indole-3-acetaldehyde were increased in AM-Ex compared to PM-Ex post-intervention.Conclusion: Differences in these metabolites suggest that metabolism is altered by the time of day of exercise. In conclusion, this exploratory analysis suggests that time of day of aerobic exercise alters metabolome, and that these differential effects are associated with cardiometabolic health outcomes.
H.M. Nguyen: None. F. Hu: None. R. Reisdorph: None. K.A. Doenges: None. E.A. Willis: None. M.J. Breit: None. J.L. Broussard: None. V. Catenacci: None. S.A. Creasy: None. S.J. Borengasser: None.
National Institutes of Health (T32AG052363, K01 HL145023); Colorado Nutrition Obesity Research Center Pilot and Feasibility Program (P30 DK048520)
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