Introduction and Objective: To evaluate effects of a family program on adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their parents.Methods: Parent-adolescent dyads (n=157) were randomly assigned to the intervention condition or a waitlisted control. The intervention included 6 weekly 30-minute sessions for dyads to meet with an interventionist to learn communication and problem-solving skills related to diabetes. Patient-reported outcomes and glycemic data were collected at baseline, immediate post-intervention (7 weeks post-baseline), and 3 and 6 months post-baseline. Regression models tested main and moderated effects on percent time-in-range (% TIR), diabetes-related quality of life (QOL), and diabetes distress as well as supportive and nonsupportive parent diabetes involvement.Results: Immediately after the intervention, the intervention group had significantly less nonsupportive involvement than the control group based on both parent (ß=-0.177, p=.002) and youth (ß=-0.150, p=.024) report as well as more supportive involvement based on parent report (ß=0.151, p=.007). At 3 months post-baseline, the intervention group had higher % TIR (ß=0.267, p=.024, d=0.37) and QOL (ß=0.308, p=.002, d=0.81) than the control group among non-white adolescents and improved QOL (ß=0.261, p=.003, d=0.94) among adolescents not using automated insulin delivery. At 6 months post-baseline, the intervention improved QOL (ß=0.220, p=.005, d=0.58) among adolescents not using automated insulin delivery, lowered adolescent diabetes distress (ß=-0.286, p=.016, d=-0.79) among youth with public insurance, and reduced parent diabetes distress (ß=-0.200, p=.006, d=-0.54) among parents with high baseline distress.Conclusion: Family-based interventions are effective in improving diabetes-related parenting practices as well as glycemic health and psychosocial well-being, especially for youth from underrepresented backgrounds and with fewer resources.
J.J. Wong: None. S.A. Alamarie: None. H. Flores: None. S. Hanes: None. J. Ngo: None. A.K. Schneider-Utaka: None. K.K. Hood: Consultant; Sanofi. Advisory Panel; MannKind Corporation. Consultant; Havas Health. Research Support; embecta.
National Institutes of Health (K23-DK121771)
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