Introduction and Objective: A pilot randomized controlled trial among inner-city African Americans with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c >=8%) tested the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of conditional and unconditional cash transfers.Methods: 100 participants were randomized to receive: 1) unconditional cash transfers (UCT) of $500 per month for 6 months and mailed diabetes education every two weeks, or 2) conditional cash transfers (CCT) of $500 per month for 6 months, conditional on attending a 1 hour diabetes education/skills training session every 2 weeks. Longitudinal mixed models with treatment, time, and treatment x time interactions were used to measure change in HbA1c from baseline.Results: Mean age of participants was 54 years, with the sample consisting mostly of women (66%). Approximately 53% were never married, and 65% had a household income less than $20,000 annually. Statistically significant differences within both groups were found: UCT at 3-months (-0.51 (-0.93, -0.09), p=0.02); UCT at 6-month not significant; CCT at 3-months (-0.55 (-1.10, 0.002), p=0.05) and 6-months (-0.61 (-1.18, -0.04), p=0.04), see Figure 1.Conclusion: These findings show clinically meaningful change from baseline to 3-months for each of the intervention arms and to 6-months for the CCT arm. These preliminary data provide evidence that conditional cash transfers can significantly improve HbA1c.
J.A. Campbell: None. R.J. Walker: None. L.E. Egede: None.
K01DK131319
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