Author: sugaradmin

Individuals who undergo pancreatic resection are at increased risk of developing hepatic steatosis. Glucagon is a key regulator of hepatic glucose, amino acids, and lipid metabolism, and the change in circulating glucagon is suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of postoperative steatotic liver disease. Here, we aimed to elucidate hepatic and metabolic changes induced by […]

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults and often progresses to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with irreversible complications. Anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy remains the first-line treatment; however, resistance poses a significant challenge, necessitating alternative therapeutic targets. This study explores the role of angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) in […]

Prestroke hyperglycemia and insulin resistance (IR) independently correlate with poor stroke outcomes in type 2 diabetes (T2D), although their causative effect is undetermined. Interestingly, an increasing body of evidence points toward the importance of IR in determining stroke outcomes. Filling this gap is fundamental to identifying effective anti-T2D strategies to improve stroke prognosis in people […]

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major complication of diabetes characterized by progressive renal dysfunction driven by oxidative stress and inflammation involving mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) pathways. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained attention for their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties in attenuating DKD, but the mechanisms behind their protective effects […]

Noninvasive measurement of pancreatic β-cell mass remains an important unmet need in type 1 diabetes because conventional surrogate markers, such as C-peptide, often lack sensitivity in advanced disease. This study evaluated the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor–targeted positron emission tomography tracer, 18F-labeled exendin-4–based probe conjugated with polyethylene glycol, [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 (18F-exendin-4), to determine its ability to visualize […]

The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) furnishes NADPH for hepatic de novo lipogenesis, driving intrahepatic lipid (IHL) accumulation. The aim of the current study was to examine the association between the PPP, proxied by 24-h urinary erythritol, and IHL content at the population level. We used cross-sectional data from the Maastricht Study, a population-based cohort study […]

We previously reported that transgenic overexpression of Nfkbid in NOD mice led to robust type 1 diabetes protection associated with enhanced negative selection of autoreactive T cells and expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) with increased suppressive capacity. The goal of this study was to further identify cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying strong protection from […]

Adaptive thermogenesis in beige adipocytes is essential for maintaining energy homeostasis and preventing obesity. Emerging evidence suggests that human visceral adipose tissue harbors adipocytes with beige-like thermogenic features, enabling analysis of thermogenic gene regulation in humans. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 3A (IDH3A) is a rate-limiting enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, yet its function in adipocytes remains […]

The transition from a proliferative to a functionally mature state is a critical phase in postnatal pancreatic β-cell development, yet the molecular mechanisms coordinating this shift remain poorly understood. Here, we identify tomosyn-2 as a key regulator that restrains β-cell maturation and insulin secretory capacity. Tomosyn-2 expression progressively declines in mouse islets with age, coinciding […]