Introduction and Objective: Hyperglycaemia has emerged as a significant complication in COVID-19, particularly in India, where the prevalence of diabetes is high. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, clinical manifestations, severity, and outcomes of new-onset hyperglycaemia in COVID-19 patients without pre-existing diabetes.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 2750 hospitalised COVID-19 patients, stratified into Group 1 (fasting blood glucose [FBG] ≥126 mg/dL) and Group 2 (FBG <126 mg/dL). Demographic data, inflammatory markers (NLR, CRP, IL-6, D-dimer), imaging, and treatment modalities were analysed. Chi-square and z-score test were used to compare parameters between groups, and logistic regression assessed the association between hyperglycaemia and in-hospital mortality at statistical significance (p < 0.05).Results: Among the cohort, 910 (33.09%) patients had raised FBG, with 64.72% males and 35.28% females. Group 1 exhibited higher rates of fever (31.64% vs. 25.86%), cough (29.46% vs. 26.08%), and dyspnoea (26.38% vs. 19.14%; p < 0.05). Raised FBG correlated with elevated inflammatory markers and severe lung involvement. Group 1 showed higher ICU admissions (p = 0.003), non-invasive ventilation (p = 0.0323) and invasive ventilation (p = 0.0455), longer hospital stays (p = 0.0008), and increased mortality (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.8-4.2, p < 0.001). Glycaemic control with insulin was achieved in 80% of survivors.Conclusion: New-onset hyperglycaemia is a prevalent and severe complication of COVID-19, associated with worse clinical outcomes and higher mortality. Early detection and targeted glycaemic control are essential to improving prognosis in high-risk populations.
S. Bhandari: None. S. Bhandari: None. S. Joshi: None. B.D. Saboo: None. G. Rankawat: None. L. Wadhawan: None.
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