Introduction and Objective: Prediabetes (preDM) among adults is on the rise, physical activity (PA) and healthy diet as modifiable lifestyle influencing factors can help prevent or delay progression to type 2 diabetes in adults with preDM, but it is unclear whether these factors vary by prediabetic status.Methods: Cross-sectional study of Chines adults without DM who attended at a tertiary A hospital in Guangzhou from December 2023 to August 2024, we classified the participants into PreDM group (n=151), Non-preDM group (n=302). We calculated means or medians for PA (from one week of recall data), Planetary Health Diet Score (PHD-S) (from one month of recall data, higher score indicates healthier diet). After controlling for confounders using propensity score matching, independent samples t-tests, rank-sum tests, chi-square tests, or Fisher’s exact probability methods were used to compare PA and dietary differences between the preDM and non-preDM groups. Using R software for statistical analysis.Results: Compared with non-preDM group, the preDM group had more metablic equivalent (MET) for light physical activity (p<0.001), but fewer the number of days per week involving moderate (p<0.001) and vigorous physical activity (p=0.032). PA levels did not significantly vary across the 2 groups (p=0.315). The PHD-S of saturated oils (p=0.007) and added sugars (p=0.011) were higher in the preDM group, but the PHD-S of fish (p=0.021), soy foods (p=0.002) and nuts (p<0.001) were lower. Mediation analysis revealed that in preDM group BMI significantly mediated the relationship of diet to uric acid with mediation proportions of 29.3%.Conclusion: There were differences in PA and diet between the preDM and non-preDM groups. Among adults with preDM, their status of light physical activity, intake of saturated oils and added sugars were better, but they still did not meet the guidelines, and more standardized individualized health interventions should be given to them in the future.
J. Lin: None. X. Hu: None.
National natural science foundation of China (72204277); Nursing innovation development research project (YJYZ202304); 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Clinical Research Program (YHJH202404)
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